Pendekatan Restoratif dalam Penyelesaian Masalah Sekolah dan Masyarakat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/jq.v4i2.5201Keywords:
Pendekatan restoratif, hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat, disiplin retributifAbstract
Kurikulum modern menekankan pentingnya iklim sekolah yang aman, inklusif, dan relasional di samping capaian akademik. Namun, praktik disiplin retributif masih dominan serta kerap memperkuat eksklusi dan ketimpangan sosial, sehingga diperlukan alternatif yang lebih responsif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pendekatan restoratif sebagai paradigma sistemik dalam penyelesaian masalah sekolah dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kajian literatur. Data diperoleh lewat artikel jurnal yang sesuai dengan fokus kajian dan dianalisis menurut pola tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa praktik seperti circles, konferensi restoratif, mediasi sebaya, dan whole-school restorative approach berkorelasi dengan penurunan suspensi dan eksklusi, perbaikan iklim sekolah, penguatan kompetensi sosial-emosional, serta peningkatan keterlibatan keluarga dan komunitas dalam penanganan konflik. Efektivitasnya bergantung pada integrasi sistemik ke dalam budaya sekolah, dukungan kebijakan, pelatihan berkelanjutan, dan reformasi struktural relasi kekuasaan antara sekolah, penegak hukum, dan warga. Dengan demikian, pendekatan restoratif berpotensi menjadi kerangka kebijakan dan praktik disiplin yang lebih adil dan partisipatif, serta sebagai strategi penguatan hubungan sekolah dan masyarakat yang berkelanjutan
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