Yurisdiksi Materiil Mahkamah Pidana Internasional Atas Kejahatan Kemanusiaan Pada Kasus Myanmar (Rohingya)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v4i3.6152Abstract
Krisis Rohingya 2017 merupakan salah satu tragedi kemanusiaan paling serius di abad ke-21, yang melibatkan operasi militer Tatmaday, Myanmar yang mengakibatkan deportasi massal lebih dari 700.000 warga Rohingya ke Bangladesh. Artikel ini mengkaji yurisdiksi materiil Mahkamah Pidana Internasional (ICC) berdasarkan Pasal 7 Statuta Roma atas kejahatan kemanusiaan dalam kasus Myanmar, dengan dua fokus utama: (1) pemenuhan unsur serangan meluas atau sistematis terhadap populasi sipil, dan (2) penerapan prinsip komplementaritas dalam konteks Myanmar sebagai non-negara anggota ICC. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif yuridis dan analisis empiris terhadap putusan-putusan ICC 2018-2025, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa yurisdiksi materiil ICC atas kasus Rohingya valid secara hukum melalui mekanisme yurisdiksi teritorial Bangladesh (Pasal 12 ayat (2) huruf a Statuta Roma), meskipun menghadapi hambatan politik yang signifikan. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi Indonesia dan ASEAN dalam konteks perlindungan pengungsi lintas batas.
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