Asuransi Syariah dan Konvensional dalam Perspektif Fiqh Kontemporer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i5.2669Keywords:
Asuransi Syariah, Asuransi Konvensional, Fiqh Kontemporer, takafulAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji perbandingan antara sistem asuransi syariah dan konvensional dalam perspektif fiqh kontemporer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menafsirkan kembali prinsip-prinsip fiqh klasik seperti gharar (ketidakpastian), maisir (judi), dan riba (renten) dalam konteks praktik keuangan modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi pustaka, melalui analisis terhadap literatur klasik dan kontemporer, termasuk fatwa DSN-MUI serta karya ulama seperti al-Qaradawi, az-Zuhaili, dan Taqi Usmani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asuransi syariah (takaful) berlandaskan prinsip ta’awun (tolong-menolong) dan tabarru’ (hibah), berbeda dengan mekanisme asuransi konvensional yang berorientasi pada keuntungan dan risk transfer. Para ulama fiqh kontemporer memandang takaful sebagai bentuk ijtihad yang sah dan adaptif terhadap kebutuhan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat modern. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa asuransi syariah mencerminkan fleksibilitas hukum Islam dalam menghadapi sistem keuangan global
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