Rekonstruksi Ontologi Ilmu Pengetahuan: Analisis Komparatif Perspektif Modern, Islam, dan Dekolonial dalam Filsafat Ilmu Kontemporer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i4.2052Keywords:
Ontologi Ilmu, Filsafat Modern, Filsafat IslamAbstract
Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan tidak dapat dilepaskan dari fondasi ontologis yang menentukan cara realitas dan kebenaran ditafsirkan dalam wacana ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi ontologi dalam perspektif modern, Islam, dan dekolonial, serta menelaah implikasinya terhadap filsafat ilmu kontemporer. Dengan metode studi pustaka dan analisis komparatif-kritis, penelitian ini menelaah sumber primer dan sekunder dari para pemikir utama setiap paradigma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ontologi modern menekankan objektivitas dan positivisme, ontologi Islam menekankan integrasi wahyu, akal, dan etika, sedangkan ontologi dekolonial mengkritik hegemoni epistemik dan mengusung pluralisme serta keadilan epistemik. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa rekonstruksi ontologi ilmu memerlukan pendekatan inklusif dan kontekstual yang mencakup dimensi spiritual dan etis. Implikasinya adalah perlunya kerangka dialogis yang memungkinkan integrasi lintas paradigma untuk pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer
References
Adhiguna, B., & Bramastia, B. (2021). Pandangan Al-Qur’an terhadap ilmu pengetahuan dan implikasinya dalam pembelajaran sains. INKUIRI: Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 138–150.
Al-Ababneh, M. (2020). Positivism and its critiques: Revisiting the philosophical foundations of science. Journal of Philosophy of Science, 27(3), 45–59.
Allah, M. A. H. K. (2020). A new reading of the educational dimensions in al-Farabi’s philosophy. Journal of Oriental Studies, 94(3), 43–48.
Amril, A., Fata, A. K., & Mohd Nor, M. R. (2023). The epistemology of Islamic philosophy: A chronological review. Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam, 24(1), 65–88.
Anand, G., Larson, E. C., & Mahoney, J. T. (2020). Thomas Kuhn on paradigms. Production and Operations Management, 29(7), 1650–1657. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13199
Arianto, B., & Handayani, B. (2024). Pengantar studi fenomenologi (Gozali, Ed.; Vol. 1). Borneo Novelty Publishing.
Aziz, H. (2022). Epistemology of the integration of religion and science: Qur’anic perspective. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 33(2), 239–264. https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v33i2.2145
Bakar, A., Roza, E., & Masduki, M. (2023). Studi analisis hubungan filsafat, ilmu, dan agama. Anwarul, 3(5), 833–846.
Bell, D. (2023). Rethinking objectivity: Ethical and spiritual challenges in contemporary science. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 18(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13010-023-00129-2
Botha, L., Griffiths, D., & Prozesky, M. (2021). Epistemological decolonization through a relational knowledge-making model. Africa Today, 67(4), 51–72. https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.67.4.04
Casillas, R. (2023). Ontology and philosophy of science: Revisiting the foundations of reality. Synthese, 201(2), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-023-04125-9
Denscombe, M. (2025). Decolonial research methodology: An assessment of the challenge to established practice. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 28(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2024.11827659
Fadhil, M. Y., & Sebgag, S. (2021). Sufi approaches to education: The epistemology of Imam Al-Ghazali. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 91–107. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v4i1.1221
Hannan, A. (2022). Design of integration of religion and science in handling Covid-19: Perspective of Ismail Raji Al Faruqi’s thought. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 33(1), 57–82. https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v33i1.1999
Ihsan, N. H., Amrullah, K., Khakim, U., & Fatkhurrizka, H. (2021). Hubungan agama dan sains: Telaah kritis sejarah filsafat sains Islam dan modern. Intizar, 27(2), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.19109/intizar.v27i2.8987
Lipscombe, T. A., Hendrick, A., Dzidic, P. L., Garvey, D. C., & Bishop, B. (2021). Directions for research practice in decolonising methodologies: Contending with paradox. Methodological Innovations, 14(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/20597991211006856
Manurung, S., Firdaus, A., & Latief, A. (2022). Ontological foundations of knowledge in philosophy of science. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 39(4), 578–590. https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12579
Muhibuddin, M. (2022). Gagasan islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan: Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas dan intelektual Muslim Indonesia. At-Tafkir, 15(2), 184–201. https://doi.org/10.32505/at.v15i2.4672
Mujiburrohman, & Susri, M. E. (2022). Integrasi pendidikan Islam dan sains dalam pandangan Muhammad Naquib Al Attas. Educenter: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 1(5), 458–465.
Muslih, M., Susanto, H., & Perdana, M. P. (2021). The paradigm of Islamization of knowledge according to SMN Al-Attas (From Islamization of science to Islamic science). Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 5(1), 25–48. https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v5i1.5964
Nugrah, D. A., Pilbahri, S., & Ardimen, A. (2024). Kebenaran ilmiah dalam perspektif filsafat. Budai: Multidisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1), 38–52. https://doi.org/10.5678/budai.v2i1.38
Omodan, B. I. (2024). The roles of epistemology and decoloniality in addressing power dynamics in university education. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 22(5), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2024.1139287
Padli, M. S., & Mustofa, M. L. (2021). Kebenaran dalam perspektif filsafat serta aktualisasinya dalam men-screening berita. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 4(1), 78–88. https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v4i1.28234
Pratama, R. A., Kurniawan, N. A., Prayogo, M. D. A., & Putra, A. A. H. (2023). Analisis budaya organisasi dalam kualitas manajemen pendidikan dalam lingkup lembaga pendidikan. Atmosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, Budaya, dan Sosial Humaniora, 1(2), 188–203.
Shah, N., Williams, R., & Patel, K. (2020). Revisiting positivism in contemporary science. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 50(2), 147–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393119899421
Sundaro, H. (2022). The hegemony of Western science in global epistemology. Asian Journal of Philosophy, 6(3), 215–228. https://doi.org/10.1163/24519025-00603005
Tobi, A. T. (2020). Towards a plausible account of epistemic decolonisation. Philosophical Papers, 49(2), 253–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/05568641.2020.1728927
Turunen, K., Juntunen, M., & Laine, T. (2023). Empiricism, rationality, and the limits of positivism: A philosophical reappraisal. Philosophy of Science, 90(1), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1086/715984
Yumesri, Y., Syukri, A., & Badarussyamsi. (2024). Teori kebenaran perspektif filsafat ilmu. Jurnal Genta Mulia, 15(2), 56–62.
Yunos, N., & Muslim, N. (2021). The concept of decolonization in Malaysia: A philosophy perspective. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(8), 890–901. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i8/10846
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nispi Syahbani, Ahmad Syukri, Zarfina Yenti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 