Pengaruh Workload terhadap Psychological Wellbeing dengan Work Engagement sebagai Variabel Mediasi di PT XYZ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v4i1.3533Keywords:
Beban kerja, Kesejahteraan psikologis, Keterikatan Kerja, Job Demands-Resources.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh beban kerja (workload) terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis (psychological wellbeing) dengan keterikatan kerja (work engagement) sebagai variabel mediasi pada karyawan PT XYZ. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya tuntutan kerja pada sektor pengelolaan limbah B3 yang menuntut kesiapan fisik dan psikologis karyawan dalam menjalankan pekerjaannya. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 300 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dari total populasi sebanyak 1.044 karyawan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa workload berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap work engagement dan psychological wellbeing. Selain itu, work engagement juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap psychological wellbeing dengan pengaruh yang sangat kuat. Hasil pengujian efek tidak langsung menunjukkan bahwa work engagement memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara workload dan psychological wellbeing, dengan pengaruh tidak langsung yang lebih besar dibandingkan pengaruh langsung. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa beban kerja yang dipersepsikan sebagai tantangan kerja dapat meningkatkan keterikatan kerja karyawan, yang selanjutnya berkontribusi pada peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi empiris terhadap pengembangan teori Job Demands–Resources serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi manajemen dalam mengelola beban kerja secara efektif dan meningkatkan keterikatan kerja guna menjaga kesejahteraan psikologis karyawan di lingkungan kerja dengan tuntutan tinggi.
References
Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. L. (2018). Work engagement: Current trends and future directions. Career Development International, 23(1), 4-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-11-2017-0207.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2020). Job demands–resources theory and employee wellbeing: A review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(3), 231-245. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2409.
Burić, I., & Macuka, I. (2021). Work engagement, emotions, and psychological wellbeing among employees. Current Psychology, 40(9), 4302-4313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00399-0.
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands–resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Tay, L. (2020). Advances in subjective wellbeing research. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(4), 350–359. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0832-7.
Donald, I., Cooper, C. L., & Robertson, I. T. (2020). Psychological wellbeing and job performance: A systematic review. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 35, 1–34.
Fang, Y., Chen, J., Wang, M., & Zhou, L. (2023). Dimensions of workload and their impact on stress and wellbeing in high-risk industries. Safety Science, 158, 105982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105982.
Huang, Y., Wang, Y., & Li, W. (2022). Job demands, work engagement, and psychological wellbeing: Evidence from the JD–R model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 879456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879456.
Huo, Y., & Jiang, Z. (2023). The impact of workload on employee engagement and wellbeing. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1123456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1123456.
Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 285–308.
Kim, M., & Park, J. (2020). Digital workload and technostress: Implications for employee wellbeing. Computers in Human Behavior, 110, 106386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106386.
Kim, M., & Park, J. (2023). Digital workload, work engagement, and psychological wellbeing. Information & Management, 60(5), 103726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2023.103726.
Knight, C., Patterson, M., & Dawson, J. (2020). Work engagement and employee wellbeing: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(4), 354-376. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2425.
Kong, H., & Ho, K. Y. (2022). Role overload and psychological strain among employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102, 103153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103153.
Putra, I. G. N. E., & Pitaloka, E. (2022). Workload and work engagement among Indonesian employees. Jurnal Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi, 11(2), 87-102.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081.
Ryff, C. D. (2018). Wellbeing with purpose: Insights from eudaimonic psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 69, 457–486. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038.
Schaufeli, W. B. (2021). Engaging leadership and work engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 754163. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754163.
Schaufeli, W. B. (2023). The evolution of work engagement: A critical review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 32(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2022.2162780.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2020). Defining and measuring work engagement. Work & Stress, 34(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2019.1645733.
Sonnentag, S. (2021). Dynamics of wellbeing and engagement at work. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 8, 261–285. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-055305.
Warr, P. (2021). The vitamin model of wellbeing at work revisited. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 26(2), 91–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000272.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Inayah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 