Pemikiran Pendidikan Al-Ghazali: Antara Etika, Akhlak, dan Pengembangan Karakter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i5.2394Keywords:
Al-Ghazali, Etika, Akhlak, Pendidikan Karakter, Tazkiyatun NafAbstract
Krisis moral dan degradasi nilai dalam dunia pendidikan modern menunjukkan perlunya rekonstruksi paradigma pembelajaran yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada aspek kognitif, tetapi juga menekankan dimensi etika, akhlak, dan spiritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam pemikiran Al-Ghazali tentang pendidikan dalam konteks etika, akhlak, dan pengembangan karakter serta relevansinya terhadap tantangan pendidikan kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) melalui analisis karya-karya utama Al-Ghazali seperti Ihya’ Ulum al-Din, Ayyuha al-Walad, dan Mizan al-Amal, serta membandingkannya dengan literatur pendidikan modern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Ghazali memandang pendidikan sebagai proses penyucian jiwa (tazkiyatun nafs), pembentukan karakter melalui latihan spiritual (riyadhah al-nafs), serta pengembangan moral melalui pembiasaan nilai-nilai ilahiah. Pemikirannya tetap relevan dalam menghadapi krisis moral abad ke-21 dan dapat menjadi model integratif dalam pengembangan kurikulum berbasis karakter. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pentingnya reorientasi pendidikan Islam agar tidak hanya mencetak individu yang cerdas secara intelektual, tetapi juga berakhlak mulia, berjiwa spiritual, dan bertanggung jawab sosial
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